Mind the gap: An assessment of 2030 and 2035 charging infrastructure needs for zero-emission medium- and heavy-duty vehicles in the United States

As the U.S. zero-emission medium- and heavy-duty vehicle (ZE-MHDV) market continues to grow, the charging network will need to expand to keep pace with rising energy needs. This report projects charging infrastructure needs for ZE-MHDVs in the United States at the state and county levels in 2030 and 2035. It updates a 2023 analysis, which established the ICCT’s first national near-term charging infrastructure needs assessment for Class 4-8 ZE-MHDVs, applying revised technology and charging behavior assumptions to produce charging estimates under three policy scenarios simulating low, moderate, and high ZE-MHDV adoption.